What is the purpose of caps on an adjustable rate mortgage regarding interest rates?

The purpose of caps on an adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) is to limit how much the interest rate can change in a defined period. These caps provide borrowers with a safeguard against potentially significant increases in interest rates, which could lead to higher monthly payments. By setting limits on the amount or percentage by which the interest rate is allowed to increase during each adjustment period—whether it's annually, every few years, or over the life of the loan—borrowers have better predictability and control over their loan payments.

These caps can be particularly beneficial in a fluctuating interest rate environment, as they help protect borrowers from the risk of substantial financial burden caused by rapid and extreme rate increases. This makes adjustable rate mortgages a more manageable option for many homeowners who may otherwise be apprehensive about the volatility of their interest costs.